Monday, January 5, 2009

SIR OLAF CAROE & VICEROY'S STUDIES GROUP (1942) - UK's ROLE - PART 1 of 2

India is today, at the cross-roads of the Great Game. This has been covered in Great Game Part 1, Part 2 and Part 3.

The British objective to control the oil wells of Central Asia was part of the Great Game to prevent the mighty Russian empire from having access to the oil fields. Former British Governor of the NorthWest Frontier Province during the British Raj days, Sir Olaf Caroe (Sir Olaf Caroe organized the Viceroy’s Study Group - VSG in 1942 in his capacity as Foreign Secretary in Britain’s Government of India ) used to say that the shadow of the north (meaning = Russia) must not extend over the wells of power. Britain realized during World War II that the one who controls the oil fields controls the destiny of many nations. As a result, beginning 1940, south Asia was important to imperial Britain, for the protection of oil fields of Arabia.

Before coming to this part, it is important to put a historical context to Afghanistan.

According to the Encyclopaedia of Islam the word Pathan is from the Sanskrit word Pratisthana.

The original Afghans are a race of probably Jewish or Arab extraction; and they together with a tribe of Indian origin with which they have long been blended still distinguish themselves as the true Afghans, or since the rise of Ahmad Shah Durrani as Durranis, and class all non-Durrani Pushto speakers as Opra. But they have lately given their name to Afghanistan, the country formerly known as Khorasan.

THE JEWISH CONNECTION TO AFGHANISTAN:

Afghan Jewry may date back 2,700 years to the destruction of the Temple and the Babylonian exile.

Several Jewish Afghan histories are circulating. Early biblical commentators regarded Khorasan as a location of the Ten Lost Tribes. Today, several Afghan tribes including the Durrani, Yussafzai, Afridi and Pashtun believe they are decedents of King Saul. They call themselves Bani-Israel, similar to the Hebrew, B'nai Israel, meaning the children of Israel. Even some Muslim scholars and writers accept this. The exiled Afghan Royal family also traces its roots to ancient Israel, the tribe of Benjamin specifically. As evidence, they cite Makhzan-i-Afghani , a chronicle published in 1635, in the time of King Jahangir by Khawaja Nimatullah of Herat.

The Pashtun, the main Afghan ethnic group and Taliban supporters, also believe they are descended from the Ten Lost Tribes of Israel , and later converted to Islam. Dozens of Pashtun names and customs sound Jewish, from the Pashtun tribe names of Asheri and Naftali to the Pashtun custom of a wedding chupah and the circumcising of the sons on the eighth day after birth. The Pashtuns claim that the city of Kabul stands for "Cain and Abel" and Afghanistan is derived from "Afghana," the grandson of King Saul of the tribe of Benjamin.

NOTE: The Pashtuns have refused to undergo DNA testing to trace its Jewish roots.

HISTORY:

Afghanistan was an important crossroads, dominated by other civilizations throughout its history. By 522 BC Darius the Great extended the boundaries of the Persian Empire into most of the region. By 330 BC. Alexander the Great conquered Persia and Afghanistan. When Hsuan-Tsang visited the region early in the 7th century CE, the Kabul valley region was ruled by a Hindu Kshatriya king, who is identified as the Shahi Khingal, and whose name has been found in an inscription found in Gardez.

The Hindu Shahi kings of Kabul and Gandhara (today's Kandahar) may have had links to some ruling families in neighboring Kashmir and other areas to the east. The Shahis, though Hindu, were rulers a multi religious Buddhists, Zoroastrian, and pagan population and were thus patrons of numerous faiths, and various artifacts and coins from their rule have been found that display their multicultural domain. The Last Shahi rulers Jayapal, Anandapal and Trilochanpal fought Muslim Turjks from Europe and were gradually defeated. They then retreated to the Punjab.

Buddhism was introduced in 50 AD, when Afghanistan became part of the Kushanid Empire. Hephtatlites (White Huns) invaded in the 5th century and destroyed the Buddhist culture.

From 225 to 600 AD, Sassanians (Persians) established control. The first Muslim-Arab conquests occurred from 652 to 654. A succession of dynasties, the Ghaznavid, Ghorid and Timurid ruled the area from 997 to 1506 AD. Babur, the founder of India’s Mughul Dynasty governed Kabul in 1504.

Khushhal Khan Khattak, a famous Afghan warrior poet, led a rebellion against the Mughul Dynasty in the 1600s. Mir Wais Khan Hotaki revolted against Safavid rule and took over Kandahar in 1708. By 1736 Afsharid ruler, Nadir Shaw, gained control of the region. In 1747 Nadir was assassinated. Later that year Ahmad Durrani was elected king by a council of tribal leaders. During the 1760s, Ahmad Shah Durrani extended Afghanistan’s borders into part of India. The nation of Afghanistan finally began to take shape under the leadership of Ahmad Shah Durrani after centuries of invasions. Timur, Ahmad Shah Durrani’s son, succeeded to the throne in 1773. He ruled Afghanistan until his death in 1793, leaving over 20 sons. Timur’s descendants were later engaged in a struggle for power. His son Zaman Shah became king in 1793. Zaman Shah’s brother Mahmud captured the throne in 1800. In 1803, another brother Shah Shuja reigned after replacing Mahmud. Mahmud forced Shuja to flee in 1809 and remained king until he was driven from the throne in 1817. From 1818 until 1826, Afghanistan disintegrated into a group of small units each ruled by a different Durrani leader.

IMPORTANT TO NOTE - DATE & PLAYERS:
During this time the “Great Game” between Great Britain and Russia was beginning to be played out. “The Great Game” involved not only the confrontation of two great empires whose spheres of influence moved steadily closer to one another until they met in Afghanistan, but also the repeated attempts by a foreign power to impose a puppet government in Kabul.

First Anglo-Afghan War

The next leader, Dost Muhammad, ascended to the throne in 1826. Concerned about growing Persian and Russian influences, the British, along with former King Shuja, invaded Afghanistan in late 1838 while Dost Muhammad was still in power. Shuja was killed a few years later and the British were defeated. Dost Muhammad returned to the throne in 1843.

( Digress for a moment to present :UK -US -NATO FEAR INDO-IRAN-RUSSIAN NEXUS (the same nexus that helped Northern Alliance topple Taliban in Afghanistan. Hence US may again prop up Taliban - the game goes on).

Treaty of Peshawar

During the years after the First Anglo-Afghan War the Russians, interested in the territories of Central Asia, advanced southward. The British, hoping to stop Russian advances, resumed relations with Dost Muhammad in 1854. In 1855 the Treaty of Peshawar proclaimed respect for Afghanistan’s and Britain’s territorial integrity and declared each to be friends of each other’s friends and enemies of each other’s enemies. In 1856 the Anglo-Persian War broke out and the Qajar Dynasty took Herat back into its control.

Second Anglo-Afghan War

During the 1860s the Russians intensified their southeastern advances. “The Russian foreign minister claimed the Russian movements in Central Asia were taken simply to unite Russia, not to oppose any other government.”In 1872, Russia signed an agreement with Great Britain consenting to respect the northern boundaries of Afghanistan. King Sher Ali permitted an uninvited Russian delegate to enter Kabul in July 1878. Hoping to retain the British influence, British Viceroy Lord Lytton ordered a diplomatic mission to travel to Kabul on August 14th. When no reply was received the British sent a military force to cross the Khyber Pass. Afghan authorities refused the British permission to cross. This incident triggered the Second Anglo-Afghan War. On November 21, 1878 approximately 40,000 British soldiers entered Afghanistan. The British withdrew two years later after facing strong resistance from the Afghan forces.

Treaty of Gandomak

At the end of the Second Anglo-Afghan War, the Treaty of Gandomak was completed between the British government and Amir Yaqub Khan. The treaty was to establish peace and friendship between both countries. It provided amnesty for Afghan collaborators with the British occupational forces and committed the amir to conduct his foreign relations with advice from the British Government. Great Britain, in exchange, promised to support the amir against ANY foreign aggression.

Russian Advances 1885

Abdur Rahman Khan ruled Afghanistan from 1880-1901. He modernized the country, formed a strong army, brought in foreign professionals and imported machinery. “Caught between the Russians and the British, Abdur Rahman turned his formidable energies to what turned out to be virtually the creation of the modern state of Afghanistan, while the British and the Russians, with the Afghans as bystanders, determined the borders of the Afghan State.”

Russian forces seized the Merve Oasis inhabited by the Turkoman people in 1884. In 1885 they took possession of the Panjdeh Oasis. Afghan attempts to retake the territory failed. In 1886 the Anglo-Russian Boundary Commission agreed on a border along the Amu Darya River. The Russian-British agreement resulted in a permanent northern frontier, however, much territory was lost in the Panjdeh region.

The Durand Line

On November 12, 1893, Abdur Rahman Khan, and the Foreign Secretary of the Colonial Government of India, Sir Mortimer Durand, agreed to mark the boundary between Afghanistan and British India. The Durand Line cut through Pashtun tribal areas and villages. It was a cause of dispute between the governments of Afghanistan and British India and later between Afghanistan and Pakistan. It remains a source of major instability in the region till today.

A map of Afghanistan, published in 1893, the year Abdur Rahman Khan and Sir Mortimer Durand agreed to mark the boundary between Afghanistan and British India. (CLICK ON MAP TO ENLARGE VIEW)


(NOTICE: BALUCHISTAN (BELOOCHISTAN) exists as a SEPARATE COUNTRY)

Early 20th Century

Abdur Rahman’s son, Habibullah, reigned from 1901-1919. In 1904 a boundary commission determined the border between Iran and Afghanistan. The boundary was accepted by both countries. The Anglo-Russian Convention of 1907 divided Afghanistan into areas of Russian and British influence. Habibullah wanted full Afghan independence and Great Britain’s assistance in an attempt to regain lands taken by the Russians. “Britain far more interested in the European power struggle and the defense of India through an Afghan buffer state was uninterested in such a scheme.” Habibullah was assassinated in 1919. His son Amanullah succeeded him.

Third Anglo - Afghan War:

During his reign the month long Third Anglo-Afghan War of 1919 resulted in complete Afghan independence. The British forces were decimated. Amanullah established diplomatic relationships with Russia in 1919, Iran in 1921 and Great Britain in 1922.

Russia invades Afghanistan again in December 1979 – and we all know of the consequences of that – and the ensuing chaos of Taliban, Al Qaeda etc is well documented.

After the Soviets withdrew from Afghanistan, the US also departed from the region to invade Iraq. However, UK stayed back and took over the reins of the Great Game. UK knew the Great Game, after all – they were at it from the very begining.

The following has been taken from Modeling the Great Game in Asia Part One: The Viceroy’s Study Group and Afghanistan written by Dr. Peter John Brobst (Ohio University)

Sir Olaf Caroe and Viceroy’s Study Group:

For the historical conception of the Great Game and its rules, the authors used the work of the Viceroy’s Study Group (VSG). Sir Olaf Caroe organized the VSG in 1942 in his capacity as Foreign Secretary in Britain’s Government of India. The VSG operated in British India until 1945. Their function was to review British planning for the end of the World War II and India’s independence in the postwar era. The notion of a continuous Great Game that preceded and would survive the withdrawal of British rule in India transfixed the VSG’s analytical work.

As a whole, the product of the VSG represents a canonical summation of British imperial concepts and learning relating to the Great Game.

INSIGHTS FROM VSG:

The VSG worked from the premise that the security of the Asian rimland from the Persian Gulf to Indochina “is one complete strategical problem.” The security of the Gulf was bound up with the security of the Indian subcontinent which in turn depended on Burma and Indochina. A stable if not united subcontinent formed the fulcrum in the system. Its fragmentation would leave the wings isolated and the balance broken. This view contrasted with a geospatial perspective both natural and understandable for Americans that located the Gulf on the eastern edge of a European-centered system and Burma and Indochina on the western edge of a Pacific-centered system. But by viewing the region from an Indian center, as the VSG did, events along the Asian rimland since 1945 seem unsurprising, the products of a predictable, albeit complex and dynamic, structure.

To give a concrete example, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 was, as Olaf Caroe, the VSG’s director put it, the predictable (and predicted) “after-effect” of India’s partition in 1947.

By creating two mutually antagonistic successor states in India and Pakistan, the partition effectively turned the subcontinent’s power potential in on itself. For nearly a century beforehand, power based on a stable subcontinent had provided the indispensable counterpoise to Russia that had allowed the emergence of a viable Afghan state. The fragmentation of the counterpoise on the subcontinent allowed Soviet decision-makers to calculate their interests and options in 1979 very differently than their Russian predecessors had in comparable crises in 1885, 1895, and 1925. It is worth emphasizing that the subcontinent’s stability formed a counterpoise in diplomatic and economic terms as well as military ones. The continued hostility of India and Pakistan in the 1990s thus weighed heavily against the reconstruction of security and stability in Afghanistan. The fact that different elements in the Afghan polity pulled variously toward Pakistan, Iran, and former Soviet states in Central Asia was not so much symptomatic of strength on the part of those countries as it was of the subcontinent’s weakness as a center of gravity. (NOTE: IMPORTANT POINT)

Afghanistan consequently reemerged as the kind of base area and seedbed it had once formed in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries for forces of regional instability and terrorism.

Figure one and two review key entities before and after partition for a scenario based on Afghanistan. The <> in the model to define locations, agents, values, and other entities have their definition in the Great Game profile described in the next section. Figure one shows the main agents in that have goals leading them to focus on Afghanistan. Note that none of the players, or <>, hold goals or values that lead them to promote a version of social control in Afghanistan.

In contrast, as shown in Figure two, the Great Game following partition inserts new agents into the game, most importantly Pakistan, split into the unwieldy federation bifurcated by another new agent, India. The United States also appeared on the scene as a great power, but they lacked the focus on the goal of maintaining Indian stability that had animated the British in India.

Pakistan and India had territorial goals that forced competition between them, especially in terms of which princely states the Imperial successors would control, with the Kashmir region still a thorn. Post independence, the Great Game now had actors concerned with the type of social organization in the region, with Pakistan organized as an entity protecting Islamic values of some undetermined form in a social polity. The differences between these two models illustrate Caroe’s emphasis on systemic instability that left the Soviet Union room for maneuver to bring troops in the region.

Figure 1: Great Game Afghanistan c. 1935


(CLICK ON MAP FOR AN ENLARGED VIEW)

These diagrams do not suggest a historical determinism, but are snapshots from a broader analytical framework.

For its own part, the VSG explicitly worked to take account of new and emerging factors in its analysis of the Great Game. For instance, the VSG assessment of Afghanistan (as in other country studies the VSG conducted) imbedded a presumption that air power would likely be the dominant mode of strategic projection and organization in the postwar era. The result generated opposing estimations of Afghanistan’s future importance. In the first estimate air power dramatically discounted the importance of Afghanistan to the security of India and by extension to the stability of the Asian rimland. Air power presumably obviated the utility of buffer states, of which Afghanistan was the archetype (the term was actually coined by Sir Alfred Lyall, a British Indian official in the 1870s and 1880s, to describe Afghanistan’s position between Russia in Central Asia and Britain in India). In the second estimate, air power actually increased the value of buffer states, and specifically of Afghanistan. Air power may have increased the strategic reach and speed of attack of its possessors, but it was limited by distance and range. By effectively adding space to the subcontinent, the buffer formed by Afghanistan would buy time—time to detect and intercept the inbound units of an airborne attacker. A similar importance arguably attached to Afghanistan when viewed from the vantage of a power based Central Asia. Either way, air power actually portended an intensification of international competition for influence in and over Afghanistan.

Today the question is not whether air power obviates the Afghan buffer but whether air power obviates the Indian center. To what extent does modern airlift make the reconstruction of a viable Afghan state possible irrespective of the situation on the subcontinent? To what degree of effectiveness does a Central Asian base area for the supply and support of Afghanistan substitute for an Indian center? These considerations can all be folded into the model as values on attributes in the model, providing a framework for debate and analysis using software.

Figure 2: Great Game Post Partition c. 1950


(CLICK ON MAP FOR AN ENLARGED VIEW)

Indeed, the VSG was ultimately concerned to avoid the pitfall of planning, or in their case studying, to fight the last war. Their interest in Afghanistan reflected their presumption of a continuation in the late twentieth century of traditional Russian/Soviet expansionism in Asia, which came to pass. Today’s interest in the country derives from the challenge of Islamic fundamentalism as an organizing principle hostile to cosmopolitan values with territorial ambitions. The potential trouble lies in the distraction from the eastern wing of the rimland system. The VSG argued that the Russian threat on India’s west so consumed British strategy that too little thought was given to the east. When the long-expected great power attack on India’s frontiers actually materialized in World War II, it came not from Russia through Afghanistan but from Japan through Burma. In the context of the Cold War, the VSG’s erstwhile director argued that intelligence assessment must not find itself choosing between “leaving the Himalayas open to China and the Indian Ocean to Russian fleets.Applied to the current scene, the insight is surely that the Islamist threat in Afghanistan and Iraq and elsewhere not come to so define the morphology of future enemies that we are left surprised by say state-against-state competition igniting flashpoints in the eastern rimland.

The Great Game framework avoids the pitfall while keeping a focus on the priorities at hand. The computational rigor to model the Great Game requires more than a couple of illustrative diagrams. The analytical framework requires much more detail to export the ideas into computational tools.

Part two of this paper reviews the underlying profile that is the core of the model and suggests paths to migrate the insights for computational analysis. For the die-hard game theorists - click on this link.


THE PARTITION OF INDIA:

One of the least understood themes of the partition of India in 1947 by the departing British Raj, is what led the British to do it. Run-of-the-mill analysts point out that the British did not want a unified India which could be strong and anti-British. Some others say the British saw that the minority Muslims were in danger in the hands of the majority Hindus, and that that is why they moved in to form Pakistan. While the British did not want the emergence of a strong India, the formation of Pakistan hardly helped the Muslims, who felt that they were a threatened minority. To begin with, those provinces that became a part of Pakistan were those provinces where the Muslims were in majority. Hence, the Muslims there were not in danger. The provinces where Muslims were a minority, and ostensibly "in danger," became a part of the Hindu-majority India.

But the British objective in breaking up India was simply not to divvy up the country.

The British wanted two things out of it: 1) They wanted a weak nation (Pakistan, that is), which would depend on Britain for its defense. And 2) they wanted that newly-formed weak nation (aka PAKISTAN) to border the oil wells of Central Asia (part of the Soviet Union, then) and to be close to the Muslim-majority, oil-rich nations of the Middle East.

Corollary to the objective was that India, the larger of the two nations then in the subcontinent (now, with the emergence of Bangladesh in 1972, the subcontinent has three nations) must not have any common border with either Afghanistan (the buffer state) or the Soviet Union.Hence, Kashmir state must not go to India in its original form to INDIA and at best, status quo can be maintained.

The British objective to control the oil wells was part of the Great Game to prevent the mighty Russian empire from having access to the oil fields. Former British Governor of the NorthWest Frontier Province during the British Raj days, Olaf Caroe used to say the shadow of the north must not extend over the wells of power. Britain realized during World War II that the one who controls the oil fields controls the destiny of many nations. As a result, beginning 1940, south Asia was important to imperial Britain, for the protection of oil fields of Arabia. Nothing more, nothing less.

65 comments:

Anonymous said...

Bro - Tough reading but thanks.

Anonymous said...

LOL - The Brits are at it from 19th century. Poor guys got walloped all these time - they need some respite too.......

Anonymous said...

To all my friends here, please spare some time:

[hopefully it isnt stale news]

I came upon news about 6 Pakistani websites blocked (in Pakistan), on the grounds of "national security". On further investigation, one of the blocked sites turned out to have something very special: the true face / history of our beloved Zaid Hamid.

Please see the following URL which allegds he was part of a banned Islamic cult and he was known as Zaid Zaman:

http://makepakistanbetter.com/why_how_what_forum.asp?GroupID=5&Group_title=Pakistan&
ArticleID=4816


Also check out his links with the ISI:

http://dictatorshipwatch.com/archive/modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=
article&sid=6224


Regards.

Anonymous said...

well even if we annex kashmir 2day wat can britain do? they aint no power

Anonymous said...

To Anon above,

Even if Britain is no "power" today, it is a de-facto 51st state of United States of America. It has thus got security guarantees to itself like that.

However, Britain prides itself as a better intelligence gathering machine, not in the vastness of it, but in the scope and humint assets and its covert arm the SAS.

Hence, it will continue to divide and rule to the extent it can.

BENGAL UNDER ATTACK said...

TO ANON @ JAN 5, 9:55 AM - thanks for the link on Zaid Hamid (Zaman) - it is excellent. I knew he was a Mujahid under Ahmed Shah Masoud but his prev.history and post that remained sketchy. That he was a TRANSLATOR to HEKMATYAR is actually a stunning piece of information. THANK YOU.

To readers - I am sorry if I have "bored" you with a piece of history on Afghanistan. But if we do not give due respect to History, it is bound to repeat itself - at least we can counter it with knowledge. Understand what drives and motivates our adversaries as well as "the Superpowers" and we can then condition and calibrate and even "outwit" them at their game. :)

Anonymous said...

BUA
===

The important message I got was the second reason for India's partition - "they (UK) wanted that newly-formed weak nation (aka PAKISTAN) to border the oil wells of Central Asia (part of the Soviet Union, then) and to be close to the Muslim-majority, oil-rich nations of the Middle East."

Given that new finds have been found in Turkmenistan and the passage has to be through Afghanistan or other CARs (Central Asian Regions) - all of these are Islamic nations - and therefore UK will not want Hindu India to border them.

A weak Islamic Pakistan or even broken Pakistan will be subservient to UK interests but not a Hindu India. Hence, Hindu India will not be allowed to border Afghanistan that might put a spanner to the UK / US "pipelines".

Anonymous said...

Welcome Bengal. We are all friends here for one cause and we shd share any good information we have amongst us. this news about zaid hamid must be spread because all out the porki donkeys think a hell of this zaid hamid guy and now it proves:

i. he is an isi guy who was planted to save musharraf's arse. Now they rehashed him a little as an independant "defence analyst" to defend the 26/11 attack as a hindu / jewish / christian plot (possibly with even buddhist, sikh, animist, aethist collaboration) loll - to brainwash stupid paki donkeys into believing ISI / Pakistan are angel and india, israel, usa, uk (....) are devils.

ii. he belongs to a muslim cult, of which is outlawed in pakistan because it beliefs in prophets other than muhammad. zaid hamid was the righthand man of Yousuf Ali, a self proclaimed prophet from Lahore in the 1990’s who was sentenced to death in pakistan for blasphemy. this is really fantastic b'coz any muslim who doesnt believe allah is god and muhammad is d only messenger is considered blasphemy and deserves to die. and its high time he died. there are enough ppl in pakistan whio eould be ready to kill 'apostates'.

but more strikingly, since he is an isi guy who echos what isi asks him to, it proves isi's motives of forming 'greater pakistan' wet dream since in a former topic you highlighted this fact (remember about zaid hamid saying the only way india n pak can be at peace is by merging and the name of the new entity to be musalman... oops.. pakistan). confirms ISI's larger plans.

and the best part is pakistan / isi itself knew the implication of these URLs (truth about zaid) and thats why they are blocking it (together with some scapegoat sites of salman taseer's daughters / drinking pictures etc.)

by the way the second link doesn't work. the correct address is http://dictatorshipwatch.com/archive/modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=6224

and here is a news that also links Ahmed Quraishi to the whole thing (note Ahmed Quraishi is also another Zaid Hamid kind of guy with anti-India / Hindu views who has gone on a duet with zaid hamid to condemn the world for the 26/11 attacks)

http://www.teeth.com.pk/blog/2008/10/07/who-is-zaid-zaman-hamid

BENGAL UNDER ATTACK said...

Actually I am in touch with Ahmed Quraishi - he is anti India for sure, but he is "approachable". I have written to Zaid Hamid but he has not yet replied back.

Of course the ISI plan got out with that "oops" statement ... not that it was not known but I guess a large part of Indian intelligence was in "DENIAL".

Based on your link, I have written again to ZAID HAMID - and I hope he replies back.

BENGAL UNDER ATTACK said...

Also I noted that within hours of the terrorist attacks in Mumbai, Zaid Hamid was saying that this was done by Hindu terrorists as they were wearing "saffron" bands around their wrists.

Now, in that heat of attacks, how did he manage to get to see that one part - which of course should up later - always "troubled" me. That he "knew" of these attacks and that these "attackers" were to be sold off as "hindus" after they have been killed to sow confusion and dissension in India was a primary motive.

However getting hold of Ajmal Qasab put paid to their elaborate plans. Can't thank enough the brave policeman who gave up his life to capture Ajmal alive.

Anonymous said...

ok Bengal please keep us posted on the information. thanx for maintaining this blog that allows free, unscreened comments of all sorts withing reasonable limits.

Anonymous said...

ok Bengal please keep us posted on the information. thanx for maintaining this blog that allows free, unscreened comments of all sorts withing reasonable limits.

Anonymous said...

BUA,

Where LET/JUD and ISI too failed miserably in the Mumbai Attack Program was ..

1. They never ever dreamt that “”Azmal Qasab/Qasai” (or any one among the rest 9 murderers) would be caught live…instead they expected and were very very sure that Indian Army will pump at least 50 bullets on each’s body and hence the TRUTH behind the Training, Planning, Support and Execution will never reveal to India.
2. They had asked these 10 Hired Killers to wrap on Red/Orange straps (inline with Hindu Activists) to confuse the Police/Investigation agencies initially …till more details would reveal regarding Pak’s hand/support … but there would be nothing concrete as none would be alive (as they expected) to confirm the Pak conspiracy. And this will also create a unrest in India as it would seem Hindu Activists have acted to kill the police ATS forces/officers (they expected ATS officers would lead the battle from the front and will get killed) as they are natural first choice of Mumbai Police Commissioner (BTW WHO was coordinating the fight IN THE FIRST HOURS? Was it the Mumbai Police Commissioner Mr.Gafoor or Some body else ?) to be send to confront to these killers .and this will sparkle the unrest in India ..I think some of Indian politicians (helpers of D Gang and ISI) were already instructed to raise voice and lead the unrest.

3. Please note the timing of the unrest in India
a. Economic slowdown
b. Kashmir election last phase (separatist leaders have failed miserably there too)
c. Forthcoming elections n India and impact on the results..

4. Now again please note few points..
a. The date of the actual attack was postponed from September to 26/11 why?
b. There was a high profile marriage on 26/11 and entire Mumbai Police Top brass were expected to join the party in Hotel Trident (remember this is the hotel, where 2 Terrorists\killers entered around 10 PM)
c. I understood that Mumbai Police Commissioner was pretending to enter the Hotel but actually was waiting at parking lot of the hotel.
d. The planners in Pakistan had advance knowledge about this marriage party and also that the Top Brass of the Mumbai police would be attending the Marriage and hence the Attack date changed? Was this marriage was set up as a Trap?

5. Why US NSA technical intelligence plane was flying over Pak to trap the voice of the planners and ISI Chief at the same time ..was it a MERE coincidence ?
6. Why the all sort of evidences were kept intact /“undestroyed” in the trawler Kuber after they got off from the trawler ..was it intentional ? I would read that this keeping of all the evidences in trawler Kuber, was intentional …may be they wanted to give the Main Message/Hint ..to India ..that this was done on behest of Pakistan..(but no that could have been proved if Qasab/Qasai was not got caught alive by brave diehard Tumble) ..can’t believe that they forgot to clean off all these evidences(they could have just thrown away those evidences in the sea simply and easily) before landing in Mumbai shores…when they have done a very good planning for all stages and activities ?

Regards,

BENGAL UNDER ATTACK said...

Sontu,

You make a couple of very valid points. Some answers may never be known, a few one can gauge from the transcripts of the handlers and the terrorists.

That Ajmal Qasav got caught was the "biggest" blow to these jehadis in recent times. This mistake is not going to be repeated - meaning "cyanide capsules aka LTTE" or injected serum that takes a delayed toll on body. No more "live" capture from now on.

It seems that there is a connection of a HINDU Minister from Maharashtra with these terrorists. The connection is drug running with Dawood. We are ourselves responsible for this mess. Why just blame Pakistan - they took advantage of chinks in our armors. And its a Hindu minister - and he will remain unnamed.

Why the date was changed, probably more important is why the venue was changed (from Kashmir to Mumbai and by whom?).

The Russian dolls are "unfolding" :)

Ray Lightning said...

BuA,

An entire history of Afghanistan without even mentioning the Khudai-khidmatgar movement of Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan ??

He is the only national leader in modern times who had a following amongst all the Afghans, and who could have united them under a single banner.

Instead, he was imprisoned in British and later Pakistani jails for 30 years. The Afghans have not forgotten his message.

BENGAL UNDER ATTACK said...

@RAY - The tone of this passage was on Viceroy's Studies Group and its geo strategic implications and ultimate conclusions. It is limited in that sense. A brief history was given, as that was "ancient" history that needed to tie in what is Afghanistan.

I may still be guilty of omitting Frontier Gandhi, but that was not the intention.

Anonymous said...

@ what load of rubbish the
Gandhian crap is giving on
this blog, The brand new
Hinduvta mocked up historians

Anonymous said...

@ actually Zaid Hamid's analysis
have ruined Indian dream of
mahabharat kind of bullshit,
ruled by fucking Brahmans
cannibals.

Anonymous said...

@ The Gandhians in Fata and
NWFP have no chance, they are
finished , 3/4 of their leaders
are hanged or liquidated by the
native Pathans and Afghans, they
were and are always together,
What they will do Indian
terrorists in Afghanistan will
be expectacular.
Col Richardson Brit IndianArmy

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SuchindranathAiyerS said...

An interesting monograph on the Great Game roots of the contemporary South Asian wars (from Anjan Sengupta). But this could dwell more on the pre existing threads that the British used. The Quintessential total war machine that Mahomet created with the Quran and the Hadiths, its eddies and furrows as well as the pre existing Druhyu and Aryan roots. (It is ancient Aryan Law and Code of Chivalry that infuses the spirit of Pakhtoonwali and not Jewish or Druhyu Law) In pre History that is heard (Shroutha) and remembered (Smartha) Aryan History, some of the Shiva, Vishnu and Lalitha worshiping Druhyu tribes who scattered from ancient Ur to escape the harrying of their own apostates who had embraced the Jealous God Yahweh as well as the Brahma worshiping multi racial Aryas united in Law, came East bringing agriculture and Architecture with them, and settled the Indo Gangetic plain leaving traces of their civilization along the way thousands of years before Islam (the late Rik and early Shukla Yajur Veda period). They were followed by some Aryan tribes who also left traces along the way and settled Asia Minor and the Indo Gangetic plain subduing the Drhuhyus and extracting tribute from them (The Dasyus) in the late Shukla Yajur Veda period. In the Indo-Gandetic Plains, the treaty of Bharatha that held the Aryan chiefs together in a "one for all and all for one" treaty replaced the fratricidal Raja Sooya of the Shukla Yajur Veda with the Consensual Ashwamedha of the Krishna Yajur Veda. After the great civil war of Kurukshetra, Aryan power was broken and the Druhyus and the Aryas intermarried and became one people with Druhyu Agriculture, Architecture, Temple Worship, Idolatry and so on becoming Sanskritised and entering the Krishna Yajur Veda as "Aagama" (that which came from outside) Shastras to form the Atharva Veda . Ashoka put an end to the Vedic period by reviving the Rajasooya Yajna, destroyed all the temples and Guru Kulas, and replaced the benign Saffron Swasthika of the Aryan Consitution with his Chakra of tyranny cruelty, fratricide. and anti-Brahmanism.